Class 10 educational hub: Cbse. Class 10 electricity notes and numerical for 2021 2022 part- 1

table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; } Electricity

•》 electricity is the flow of charges it is an important source of energy in the modern times that used in our homes industries and in transport.

☆• there are two types of charges.

1. Positive charge (+)

2. Negative charge (-)

• A proton posses a positive charge 1.6 × 10^-19 and an electron posses negative charge 1.6 ×10^-19 c.

• The si unit of charge is Coulomb.

Q• calculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge.

Solution:- No. Of electrons in one charge of coulomb = 1.6×10^-19 C.

If one charge then no. Of electrons = 1/1.6×10^-19 × 1

= 10^19/1.6

= 10/1.6× 10^18

= 6.25× 10^18.

Hence, the no. Of electron is 6.25×10^18 in 1c of charge.

Conductor:- those substance through which electricity can flow are called conductor.

For example :- silver ,copper, aluminium etc.

Insulator :- those substances through which electricity cannot flow are called insulator. For example:- most plastic, paper dry ,wood etc.

•》 electricity can be classified into two parts.

1. Static electricity.

2. Current electricity.

Potential differences

•》 work done Per unit charge are called potential difference.

• potential difference is denoted by v.

So, V = W/Q.

• w stand for work done.

• Q stand for charge.

● the SI unit of potential difference is Volt. Which is denoted by the letter V.

●》1 Volt :- 1 joule of work is done in moving one coulomb of electric charge from one point to the other is called 1 volt.

1Volt= 1 joule/1coulomb

●》 the potential difference is measured by means of an instrument called voltmeter.

Q》 how much energy is given to each coulomb of charge passing through a 6 volt battery?

Solution:- potential difference (v)= 6 V

V=W/Q

6= w/1

So, w=6×1 joules

= 6 j

6 j energy is given to each Coulomb of charge passing through 6V battery.